Coping with Depression During Pregnancy

Disclaimer: The information below is not intended as medical advice and is only intended to offer points you may wish to consider in 'non-emergency situations', together with signposting for more support. You should consult an appropriate medical professional if you have concerns about your or a loved one's health. Dial 999 in an emergency if someone is in a life-threatening condition.

Suffering from depression?

The term 'depression' is sometimes used to describe everyday feelings of low mood. Many people experience periods of feeling fed up or sad in response to challenging or stressful situations, and these feelings will often pass over time.

However, depression is a recognised health condition that goes beyond temporary low mood. It can involve ongoing and intense feelings such as sadness, hopelessness, or emotional numbness, alongside physical effects such as disrupted sleep, low energy, or aches and pains.

Understanding depression in pregnancy

For many families, pregnancy is a time of great joy as prospective parents and siblings look forward to the new arrival. It's a time to make space for the new baby, choose names, and wait for the new family member to make an appearance.

For some expectant mothers however, pregnancy can be a time of worry, stress and depression. Research indicates that mothers who are already caring for young children are particularly vulnerable to depression in pregnancy, and it's important that health professionals and family members can spot the signs to ensure that help and support is put in place when required.  This is not a reflection of personal strength or readiness for parenthood and it is common to experience a wide range of feelings during this time.

Pregnancy and depression can be closely linked

Pregnancy can be a period of major adjustment. Hormonal changes, physical discomfort, and disrupted sleep can all affect emotional wellbeing. 

For those who are also working, preparing for leave, or managing other responsibilities, there may be additional pressures to balance. Factors such as workplace demands, financial concerns, or relationship changes can all play a part alongside biological changes.

There is no single cause of depression in pregnancy. Experiences vary widely, and emotional wellbeing is shaped by a combination of physical, psychological, and social factors, many of which are outside an individual's control. 

What are the symptoms of depression in pregnancy?

There are no distinctive symptoms of depression; it is a condition that can manifest itself in a number of ways. It affects people both physically and emotionally and can prompt behavioural changes.

Pregnant women with depression may exhibit some of the following symptoms:

• Poor concentration levels
• Anxiety
• Short temper and restlessness
• Fatigue
• Negative thoughts
• Memory problems
• Withdrawing from friends and family
• Extreme appetite or loss of appetite
• Low spirits, weepiness and a feeling that nothing in life is fun or enjoyable.

What can contribute to prenatal depression?

Prenatal depression (also called antenatal depression) can be caused by several factors.

Pregnancy-related steroids have been linked in some research, to the onset of depression, whilst other women might experience an impact when they stop taking pre-existing medications for depression due to concerns about harming the baby.

Where there is a family history of depression, that can be a factor, as is experiencing stressful life events including caring for an elderly relative, work or relationship problems. Hormonal fluctuations and extreme tiredness can also trigger episodes.

Women can also be concerned about their ability to cope with motherhood or have worries about re-establishing their career after the baby has been born. Some expectant mothers may feel depressed as they feel less attractive or worry about the lack of free time they will have after the birth.

The key point for family members who may see a pregnant relative struggling is that depression in pregnancy manifests itself in many ways and can appear at any point in the pregnancy. Knowing how to offer support and seek help is essential.

Getting help

If these feelings are becoming difficult to manage, you may want to speak to your GP or midwife. They can help you explore what support might be available, including talking therapies or other treatment options. GPs will understand the feelings of embarrassment or shame that can accompany depression during pregnancy.

Many women worry about how people will view them if they are not blissfully happy throughout pregnancy, but doctors will also maintain confidentiality. For expectant mothers, it's important to realise that being depressed won't make them an unfit mother and help is available.

Treatments can include various forms of therapy delivered by professionals such as psychologists and therapist or a doctor prescribing anti-depressant medicines. It's important to seek treatment as untreated depression during pregnancy can be harmful to both mother and baby. It can cause problems during later stages of pregnancy or delivery, lead to babies having low birth weight or even premature birth.

Everyday ways to build support

There are also small, practical ways some people find supportive alongside professional care:

• Resting where possible, recognising this may feel more difficult alongside work or family life
• Reaching out to friends, family, or colleagues for support with day-to-day responsibilities
• Talking openly about how you're feeling, if that feels comfortable
• Connecting with other expectant parents through groups or online spaces
• Keeping additional changes, where possible, manageable during this period

These are not expectations, but options that may help if they feel realistic for your situation.

For more information on prenatal depression, Mind UK has a helpful section on its website, or contact your local GP for advice.